HIV Prevention Research Unit
Methods for Improving
Reproductive Health in Africa (Mira): The Latex Diaphragm to Prevent HIV Acquisition
among Women: A Female-Controlled, Physical Barrier of the Cervix
Sub-Investigator: Dr Gita Ramjee
Project Leaders: Ms Sarita Naidoo and Ms Sharika Gappoo
Sites: Umkomaas, Durban South, Botha’s Hill, Inland
of Durban
Cervical barrier methods - including
diaphragms and cervical caps - are among the oldest known contraceptives.
Today, cervical barrier methods are approved for use in family planning programs
around the world. Distribution is limited, however, and only a minority of
women of reproductive age use them. Cervical barrier methods offer many advantages.
They are woman-initiated and simple to use. Because they are typically re-usable
and durable, they can be low-cost methods. They are appealing to women who
prefer methods used only on days when couples are sexually active, and to
women who want to avoid the hormones found in other types of contraceptives,
such as implants, injectables, and oral contraceptives. The devices also are
reasonably effective; as with many contraceptive methods, however, effectiveness
depends on using them correctly and consistently.
In addition to offering protection
from pregnancy, some researchers believe diaphragms and cervical caps have
the potential to offer women protection from some sexually transmitted infections
(STIs), including HIV. The possibility that cervical barrier methods may provide
“dual protection” - that is, simultaneous protection against
pregnancy and STIs, including HIV-has led to renewed interest by researchers
and policy makers. Researchers representing a range of disciplines - including
the scientific, regulatory, and product-development fields - are examining
the potential of existing or modified devices to protect against infections.
Objectives
 |
To determine the effectiveness
of the diaphragm with Replensâ lubricant gel in the reduction or
prevention of the heterosexual acquisition of HIV among women. |
View more information on Mira |
